The short answer
Early trials examine cognitive and sleep outcomes; superiority over other forms is unproven.
- Evidence and scope
- Emerging evidence
This status does not grade the ingredient for every goal, outcome, or person.
- Important limitation
- Early human findings are hypothesis-generating; efficacy, long-term safety, and optimal dose remain uncertain.
- Before deciding
- Key concern: Kidney impairment and interacting antibiotics require review; do not stack multiple magnesium forms.
01 / PRACTICAL GUIDE
Dose, absorption, and combinations
These are indication-specific reference or studied ranges—not a personalized prescription. Start with the objective, then check the form, label, medicines, and health conditions.
Reference or studied range—not a personalized prescription. The product label or a clinician may specify a different dose.
Dose source ↗More is not automatically better. A clinician or product label may specify a different amount.
Water-soluble or readily water-dispersible. This does not mean excess is always harmless.
Divide doses and verify elemental magnesium on the label.
Kidney impairment and interacting antibiotics require review; do not stack multiple magnesium forms.
Dose and use links lead to primary or official source material. Search links are discovery tools, not proof that every returned paper applies.
02 / EVIDENCE
What the research says
We keep supportive, mixed, negative, safety, and contextual findings together. The headline never replaces the underlying papers.
These are audited counts for this JIVANA collection, not search-result totals. Participants are counted once when multiple papers use the same cohort; review papers are not added again to participant totals.
Open the research timelineResearch timeline+
Entries are ordered by publication year. A study period appears only when the source reports it.
The effects of magnesium L-threonate on cognitive performance and sleep quality in adults
The NIH composite and reaction time favored treatment, but Raven's testing did not. One subjective sleep-impairment measure improved, while objective sleep measures and several other sleep scales did not; derived 'cognitive age' is not clinical evidence of slower aging.
Study design and methods
- Design
- Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel trial
- Population
- 100 adults aged 18–45 dissatisfied with their sleep
- Intervention
- Magtein magnesium L-threonate 2 g/day or placebo
- Outcome
- NIH cognitive tests, Raven's matrices, derived cognitive age, subjective sleep, Oura sleep measures, heart rate, and heart-rate variability
Funding or conflict note: Threotech funded the study, supplied the intellectual property and product, and helped conceptualize the design. Both authors worked for the contract research organization, whose director reported nutraceutical funding and honoraria.
Magnesium-L-threonate improves sleep quality and daytime functioning in adults with self-reported sleep problems
Selected subjective and Oura measures favored treatment, but the pattern partly reflected deterioration in placebo and involved many outcomes over only 21 days. The trial does not establish durable sleep or health benefit.
Study design and methods
- Design
- Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel trial
- Population
- 80 adults aged 35–55 with self-assessed sleep problems
- Intervention
- Magnesium L-threonate 1 g/day or placebo
- Outcome
- Subjective sleep and daytime questionnaires, mood diary, and Oura sleep, activity, and readiness measures
Funding or conflict note: Three authors were affiliated with AIDP, and the article is copyrighted by AIDP. The PubMed conflict statement is not informative despite these product-company ties.
A Magtein Magnesium L-Threonate-Based Formula Improves Brain Cognitive Functions in Healthy Chinese Adults
The multi-ingredient formula improved memory-test scores, but the effect of magnesium L-threonate cannot be separated from phosphatidylserine or vitamins C and D.
Study design and methods
- Design
- Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
- Population
- 109 healthy Chinese adults aged 18–65
- Intervention
- A 2 g/day formula containing magnesium L-threonate, phosphatidylserine, and vitamins C and D, or placebo
- Outcome
- Clinical Memory Test subscales and memory quotient
Funding or conflict note: Wu-xi Magtein Bioscience funded the trial. It is excluded from aggregate totals because the four-component product cannot identify a magnesium L-threonate effect.
Efficacy and Safety of MMFS-01 for Treating Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults
The composite cognition score favored MMFS-01 (d=0.91), but sleep and anxiety could not be distinguished from strong placebo effects. The small completer analysis and sponsor-led cognitive analysis require independent replication.
Study design and methods
- Design
- Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled single-site trial
- Population
- 44 adults aged 50–70 with cognitive complaints, poor sleep, and anxiety who completed efficacy analysis
- Intervention
- MMFS-01 containing magnesium L-threonate, 1.5 or 2 g/day by body weight, or placebo
- Outcome
- Composite cognition, individual cognitive domains, sleep, anxiety, magnesium status, and adverse events
Funding or conflict note: Neurocentria funded and co-designed the study, analyzed cognitive outcomes, and wrote the paper; three authors were affiliated with Neurocentria.
Unscreened discovery appendix—not evidence3 candidate publicationsSearch run: Aug 21, 2026
Complete for the displayed PubMed query at the search timestamp—not for all databases or every possible synonym. Candidates can be irrelevant, duplicate the same study, or report negative findings. They are never summed as evidence or participants until screened.
03 / SOURCES
Start with the source material
The live search is for discovery only. Search-result counts change and are not included in the audited totals above.
Recent PubMed discovery recordsDirect links to the first 12 records returned by the reproducible search. These are discovery candidates—not reviewed summaries or a count of supportive findings.
- Oral application of magnesium-L-threonate enhances analgesia and reduces the dosage of opioids needed in advanced cancer patients-A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.Wu S, Jin T, Ma B et al. · 2023 · Cancer medicine · PMID 36703238Open on PubMed ↗
- A Magtein(®), Magnesium L-Threonate, -Based Formula Improves Brain Cognitive Functions in Healthy Chinese Adults.Zhang C, Hu Q, Li S et al. · 2022 · Nutrients · PMID 36558392Open on PubMed ↗
- A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study of Magnesium Supplementation in Patients with XMEN Disease.Chauvin SD, Price S, Zou J et al. · 2022 · Journal of clinical immunology · PMID 34655400Open on PubMed ↗
04 / EXPERT CONTEXT
Expert context—not evidence
Expert positions are dated context—not scientific evidence. They never raise the evidence status or become consensus by repetition.
No direct, source-verified endorsement is currently recorded. Research authorship or discussion alone is not treated as endorsement.